Bait sprays against the European cherry fruit fly Rhagoletis cerasi: Status Quo & Perspectives

Bait spray experiments against Rhagoletis cerasi were carried out in 2005 to 2007. The main principle of this method is to use food (e.g. sugar and proteins) as baits for the flies with small amounts of insecticides, which is applied on parts of the cherry tree. Main focus was aimed at laboratory and field cage experiments using the commercial GF-120 Naturalyte Fruit Fly BaitTM with the insecticide spinosad, which is registered against North American cherry fruit fly species in the US and Canada. Furthermore, additional bait spray formulations as alternatives to GF-120 were used to define the right food bait quality for a high attractiveness and low reproduction ability. Beyond, the negative effect on reproduction of flies for azadirachtin (neem) was shown. During this project, promising results, e.g. efficacies up to 99 % with infestation rates below the infestation threshold were obtained. From 2008 on, other insecticides, like azadirachtin (neem) and pyrethrine in an appropriate food bait mixture will be used. Questions like efficacy, adequate concentrations, persistence, rainfastness and practicability in commercial cherry orchards will be answered

A Stochastic Model of the Co-evolution of Networks and Strategies

We consider a theoretical model of co-evolution of networks and strategies whose components are exclusively supported by experimental observations. We can show that a particular kind of sophisticated behavior (anticipatory better reply) will result in stable population states which are most frequently visited in co-evolution experiments.evolution, network, strategy, experiment

Free energies of static three quark systems

We study the behaviour of free energies of baryonic systems composed of three heavy quarks on the lattice in SU(3) pure gauge theory at finite temperature. For all temperatures above $T_c$ we find that the connected part of the singlet (decuplet) free energy of the three quark system is given by the sum of the connected parts of the free energies of $qq$-triplets (-sextets). Using renormalized free energies we can compare free energies in different colour channels as well as those of $qq$- and $qqq$-systems on an unique energy scale.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, Contribution to Strong and Electroweak Matter 2004 (SEWM04), Helsinki, Finland 16-19 June 200

Relativistic Models of Galaxies

A special form of the isotropic metric in cylindrical coordinates is used to construct what may be interpreted as the General Relativistic versions of some wellknown potential-density pairs used in Newtonian gravity to model three-dimensional distributions of matter in galaxies. The components of the energy-momentum tensor are calculated for the first two Miyamoto-Nagai potentials and a particular potential due to Satoh. The three potentials yield distributions of matter in which all tensions are pressures and all energy conditions are satisfied for certain ranges of the free parameters. A few non-planar geodesic orbits are computed for one of the potentials and compared with the Newtonian case. Rotation is also incorporated to the models and the effects of the source rotation on the rotation profile are calculated as first order corrections by using an approximate form of the Kerr metric in isotropic coordinates.Comment: 18 pages, 23 eps figures, uses mn2e.cls style file, to be published in MNRA

The Interchangeability of CVLT-II and WMS-IV Verbal Paired Associates Scores: A Slightly Different Story

We investigated the similarity of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) Auditory Memory Index (AMI) scores when California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II) scores are substituted for WMS-IV Verbal Paired Associates (VPA) subtest scores. College students (n = 103) were administered select WMS-IV subtests and the CVLT-II in a randomized order. Immediate and delayed VPA scaled scores were significantly greater than VPA substitute scaled scores derived from CVLT-II performance. At the Index level, AMI scores were significantly lower when CVLT-II scores were used in place of VPA scores. It is important that clinicians recognize the accepted substitution of CVLT-II scores can result in WMS-IV scores that are inconsistent with those derived from standard administration. Psychometric issues that plausibly contribute to these differences and clinical implications are discussed

A simple questionnaire can change everything: Are strategy choices in coordination games stable?

This paper presents results from an experiment designed to study the effect of self reporting risk preferences on strategy choices made in a subsequently played 2x2 coordination game. The main finding is that the act of answering a questionnaire about one's own risk preferences significantly alters strategic behavior. Within a best response correspondence framework, this result can be explained by a change in either risk preferences or beliefs. We find that self reporting risk preferences induces an increase in subjects' risk aversion while keeping their beliefs unchanged. Our findings raise some questions about the stability of strategy choices in coordination games. --coordination game,questionnaire,risk preferences,beliefs,best response correspondence

Learning in Networks - An Experimental Study using Stationary Concepts

Our study analyzes theories of learning for strategic interactions in networks. Participants played two of the 2 x 2 games used by Selten and Chmura (2008) and in the comment by Brunner, Camerer and Goeree (2009). Every participant played against four neighbors and could choose a different strategy against each of them. The games were played in two network structures: a attice and a circle. We compare our results with the predictions of different theories (Nash equilibrium, quantal response equilibrium, action-sampling equilibrium, payoff-sampling equilibrium, and impulse balance equilibrium) and the experimental results of Selten and Chmura (2008). One result is that the majority of players choose the same strategy against each neighbor. As another result we observe an order of predictive success for the stationary concepts that is different from the order shown by Selten and Chmura. This result supports our view that learning in networks is different from learning in random matching.experimental economics, networks, learning

Learning in networks: An experimental study using stationary concepts

Our study analyzes theories of learning for strategic interactions in networks. Participants played two of the 2 x 2 games used by Selten and Chmura (2008) and in the comment by Brunner, Camerer and Goeree (2009). Every participant played against four neighbors and could choose a different strategy against each of them. The games were played in two network structures: a lattice and a circle. We compare our results with the predictions of different theories (Nash equilibrium, quantal response equilibrium, action-sampling equilibrium, payoff-sampling equilibrium, and impulse balance equilibrium) and the experimental results of Selten and Chmura (2008). One result is that the majority of players choose the same strategy against each neighbor. As another result we observe an order of predictive success for the stationary concepts that is different from the order shown by Selten and Chmura. This result supports our view that learning in networks is different from learning in random matching. --experimental economics,networks,learning